Heat-interchanging apparatus.



No. 784,716. v

YPATENTED MAR. 14, 1905.

G. T. VOORHEES. HEAT INTERCHANGING APPARATUS.

APPLIOATION FILED JAN. 26, 1903.

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l ,Ulf /2 1/ 7./ ...a x u /f/ .Y MAA l r K Lig UNITED STATES Patented March 14, 1905.

PATENT OFFICE.

HEAT-INTERCHANGING APPARATUS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 784,716, dated March 14, 1905.

Application filed January 26, 1903. Seriai No. 140,493.

weak-liquor cooler, a fore-cooler, and thelikemwhere heat is exchanged between a gas or Vapor and a liquid, between a gas or vapor and a gas or vapor, or between va liquid and a liquid.

The present known forms of double-pipe heat-exchangers are defective in that when ammonia or any other refrigerant or volatile liquid or gas is used all the joints in the piping have to be rubber packed, and when so packed and exposed to the heat and cold they expand and contract and become leaky.

Now it is the object of' my invention to so construct `a heat-exchanging apparatus that its joints are metal, are not affected by exposure to heat and cold,and thus much less likely to leak, an apparatus simple in construction, containing few separate parts, and capable of readily being cleaned and repaired.

Figure 1 is a longitudinal section of an exchanger. Fig. 2 is a cross-section on line A B of' Fig. 1. Figs. 3, 4, 5 are longitudinal part sections showing modified forms of header. Fig. 6 is a longitudinal section showing modifications in return-bend arrangement. Fig. 7 is a longitudinal part section showing modified forms of tube-chambers. Fig. 8 is a section of a fragment of header, showing a modification when apparatus is used as an absorber.

In the drawings illustrating this principle of my invention and the best mode now known to me of employing said principle, H is a` header (see Figs. 1 and 2) divided into three adjacent longitudinal parallel tube-chambers Viz., a large tube-chamber O1, a medium tubechamber Om, ,and a small tube-chamber C.. These chambers in turn are divided into subchambers by cross-partitions p p. One wall of each chamber has a row of openings, to which are fixed the ends of tubes Ts T... T1.

T,- is one ofl a single row of small tubes, each tube being open at both ends.

T111 is one of a single row of' medium tubes, each tube being open at one end and closed at the other.

T1 is one of a single row of large tubes, each tube being open at both ends.

R is an individual return-bend connecting' the adjacent free ends of two large tubes.

1 is an inlet, and 2 an outlet, for the channel formed by large and medium tubes.

3 is an inlet, and Aan outlet, for header H.

T1 is a weak-liquor inlet used when the apparatus is operated as an absorber.

The construction of the apparatus is as follows: Header H is cast with its chambers, subchambers, openings, inlets and outlets, and walls of' chambers. (11.0.11, and Os are concentrically drilled and tapped to receive the ends ofl tubes T1, Tm, and TS. Each small tube Ts is then screwed into a tapped hole in a wall of` small tube-chamber Os. Each medium tube is slipped over a small tube and screwed into a tapped hole in a wall of medium tube-chamber Om. Each large tube is slipped over a medium tube and screwed into a tapped hole in a wall of' chamber O1. Return-bends R are fixed to free ends of large tubes T1.

The operation of the apparatusf'or example, as a condenser is as follows: Gras or vapor enters header H at inlet 3, flows to small tube-chamber C., fiows through small tube T., and back between small tube T,- and medium tubeTminto mediumtube-chamberO,... From here it fiows back and forth, as indicated by the arrows, in the channel formed by the small and medium tubes, and it as a condensed vapor has an outlet at 4C. The condensing-water enters large tube T1 at 1, fiows in the channel between the large and medium tubes to the large tube-chamber O1, thence, as shown by arrows, through the other tube-channels, return-bends, and has an outlet in large tube T1 at 2.

It will be noted that the tubes containing IOO the volatile substances are free at one end, and hence cannot by their expansion and contraction strain their header-joints and cause leaks thereat.

The apparatus, as shown in Figs. 1, 2, can also be used as a brine-cooler by having brine enter at 1 and discharge at 2, ammonia entering at 3 and discharging at 4, or ammonia can enter at 4 and discharge at 3.

lt' so desired, brine can enter at 3 and discharge at 4 or enter at 4 and discharge at 3, the ammonia in this case entering' at 1 and discharging' at 2 or entering at 2 and discharging' at 1.

When used as a still, steam or a hot fluid can enter at 2 and discharge at 1. Strong' liquor can enter at 4 and weak liquor and g'as can discharge from 3.

When used as an analyzer, water enters at 1 and discharges at 2, gas enters at 3, and gas and liquor discharge at 4.

\Vhen used as an exchanger, weak-liquor cooler, or tore-cooler, the operation is similar to that of a brine-cooler.

Fig. 3 shows a modified form of header for condensers where the vapor to be condensed passes the tubes set in parallel in place of' in series.

Fig'. 4 shows a modiiied form of header for condensers so arranged that the condensed vapor will freely drain from all parts ot the apparatus. O O are holes between chambers Gm and Us.

Fig. 5 shows a modified form of' header for condensers where the hot g'as is first reduced to a vapor by passing through one or more sets of tubes in series. Then the vapor is condensed by passing through any number of Sets of tubes in parallel, and then the resulting liquid of' condensation is cooled by passing through one or more sets of' tubes in series.

Fig. 6 shows how the inlet and outlet for the channel between the large and medium tubes may be in the header by adding an extra return-bend.

Fig. 7 shows how each tube-chamber may be separate from the other, if' so desired.

When used as an absorber, (see Fig. 8,) water enters at 2 and discharges at 1. Gas or vapor enters at 4 and weak liquor at YY1. Strong liquor discharges at 3, the extra inlet W1 being designed to be used for injecting' weak liquor into the channels formed by the small and medium tubes Ts and Tm.

1t is evident that this device can have any number of' sets of tubes and that any number ofl sections can be operated a's a unit by placing their headers H in line or parallel and connecting by joints or headers similar inlets and outlets. The joints between the tubes and header may be made in any ldesired manner-as screw, expanded, flange, or packed.

The apparatus can be operated in any desired position-as horizontal, vertical, either end up, upside down, or on a slant.

The various uses to which the apparatus can be put are many, and the various changes in its operation are controlled by very simple mechanical alterations in its construction, such as different locations for partitions p p, holes o o, or inlets'and outlets 1 2 3 4.

In Fig. 6 if the cross-partitions pp in large tube-chamber and return-bends R are omitted it is evident that a Huid, 'as water, could enter opening 1, the opening' 2 being closed, and have outlets from the free end of' each tube. Various openings into the sub tube-chambers can be left and provided with plugs or other Stoppers, which openings will be useful in cleaning' out the apparatus I believe my invention to be new and valuable and wish to claim it in the broadest possible manner.

Vhat I claim is- 1. In a heat-exchanging apparatus, aheader having three adjacent parallel chambers, one a small tube-chamber, one a medium tubechamber, and one a large tube-chamber; a single row of small tubes, each tube being open at both ends; a single row of' medium tubes, each tube being open at one end, and closed at the other; a single row of large tubes, each tube being open at both ends; one end ot each small tube, being tixed to an opening, into the small tube-chamber; the open end of' each medium tube being fixed into an opening' into the medium tube-chamber; each medium tube partly inclosing a small tube; one end of each large tube, being iixed to an opening into the large tube-chamber; each large tube partly inclosing the medium tube; one or more `individual return-bends connecting the adjacent free ends of the large tubes; an inlet and an outlet for the channel, formed by the large and medium tubes; and an inlet and an outlet for the channel, formed by the small and medium tubes.

2. In a heat-exchanging apparatus, a header having three adjacent parallel chambers, one a small tube-chamber, one a medium vtubechamber, and one a large tube-chamber; a single row of small tubes, each tube being open at both ends; a single row of medium tubes, each tube being open at oneend, and closed at the other; a single row of large tubes, each tubev being open at both ends; one end ot' each small tube, being' iixed to an opening, into the small tube-chamber; the open end of' each medium tube, being fixed into an opening into the medium tube-chamber; each medium tube partly inclosing a small tube;'one end of' each large tube, being' fixed to an opening, into the large tube-chamber; each large tube partly inclosing the medium tube; one or more individual return-bends connecting' the adjacent free ends of' the large tubes; an inlet and an outlet for the channel, formed by the large and medium tubes; an inlet and an outlet for the channel, formed by the small and medium tubes; and one or more cross-partitions that divide the large tube-chamber into subchambers.

IOO

IIO

3. In a heat-exchanging apparatus, a header having three adjacent parallel chambers, one a small tube-chamber, one a medium tubechamber, and one a large tube-chamber; a single row ,0f small tubes, each tube being open at both ends; a single row of' medium tubes, each tube being open at one end, and closed at the other; a single row of large tubes, each tube being open at both ends; one end of' each small tube, being fixed to an opening, into the small tube-chamber; the open end of each medium tube, being fixed into an opening into the medium tube-chamber; each medium tube partly inclosing a small tube; one end of' each large tube, being' fixed to an opening, into the large tube-chamber; each large tube partly inclosing the medium tube; one or more individual return-bends connecting the adjacent free ends ofl the large tubes; an inlet and an outlet for the channel` formed by the large and medium tubes; an inlet and an outlet for the channel, formed by the small and medium tubes; one or more cross-partitions -that divide the large tube-chambers into subcharnbers: and one or more cross-partitions that divide each of' the medium and small tube-chambers into subchambers.

4. In a heat-exchanging apparatus, a header having three adjacent parallel chambers, one a small tube-chamber, one a medium vtubechamber, and one a large tube-chamber; a

single row of small tubes, each tube being open at both ends; a single row of medium tubes, each tube being open at one end, and closed at the other; a single row of large tubes, each tube'being open at both ends; one end of each small tube, being fixed to an opening, into the small tube-chamber; the open end of each medium tube, being fixed into an opening into the medium tube-chamber; each medium tube partly inclosing a small tube; one end of' each large tube, being fixed to an opening, into the large tube-chamber; each large tube partly inclosing the medium tube; one or more individual return-bends connecting the adjacent free ends of the large tubes; an inlet andan outlet for the channel, formed by the large and medium tubes; an inlet and an outlet for the channel, formed by the small and medium tubes; one or more cross-partitions that divide the large tube-chamber into subchambers; one or more crosspartitions that divide the medium and small tube-chambers into subchambers; and one or more passages between the adjacent subchambers of' the small and medium tube-chambers.

In testimony whereof` I allix my signature in presence of' two witnesses.

GARDNER T. VOORHEES. fitnessesz L. J. WING, N. FINLEY. 

